Cotton

Cotton

Color White, Cream, Yellowish, Grey, Brown, or Green

Cotton

Cotton is a soft, fluffy fiber that grows in protective bolls around cotton seeds. Naturally white or off-white, it’s spun into yarn for textiles and apparel. Fibers typically range from 20–45 mm in length.

Cotton
Fiber Length : 0.5 to 2 inches (12 to 50 mm)
Fiber Diameter : 12 to 20 microns
Color: White, Cream, Yellowish, Grey, Brown, or Green
Tenacity: 3.0 to 5.0 grams/denier (dry), 2.5 to 4.5 grams/denier (wet)
Elongation at Break : 3 to 10%
Moisture Regain : 7 to 8.5%
Density: 1.54 to 1.56 g/cm³
Micronaire (Fineness) : 3.5 to 5.0 (arbitrary units indicating fiber fineness and maturity)
Strength: Strong when dry, weaker when wet
Specific Gravity : 1.50 to 1.54
Burning Behavior : Burns readily with a steady flame and gives off a smell of burning paper
Decomposition Temperature : 240 to 260°C
Thermal Conductivity : Low
Electrical Conductivity : Poor
Resiliency: Poor (wrinkles easily)
Resistance to Acids : Good resistance to dilute acids, damaged by strong acids
Resistance to Alkalis : Good resistance to alkalis, especially dilute ones
Resistance to Organic Solvents : Generally good
Absorbency: High, absorbs up to 24-27 times its own weight in water
Luster: Matte to slightly lustrous
Abrasion Resistance : Moderate
Dimensional Stability : Good if properly finished, may shrink if untreated
Hand: Soft and comfortable
Dye Affinity : High, dyes well with direct, reactive, vat, and sulfur dyes

Valued for breathability, softness, and durability, cotton is a staple in the global textile industry. It’s also used in medical supplies and industrial materials. Cultivated mainly in warm climates, cotton supports extensive agricultural economies through farming, ginning, and processing.

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